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End of feudalism chart12/29/2022 ![]() ![]() Nearly everyone who contracted this highly contagious plague died within four days. In 1349, a terrible plague known as the Black Death swept the nation, killing over half of its population. Then there were outbreaks of typhoid fever as well as diseases that affected livestock. This change began in the early 1300s when a great famine wiped out nearly half a million people in England. The growth of the wool industry in England was part of a greater change in which feudalism came to an end and a middle class arose. The manufacturing of wool in England was an important part of European economy in the Middle Ages. The growth of the wool industry led to the expansion of cities, which became centers of trade, manufacturing, and education. Beginning in the 13th century, one of England’s major industries was the production of woolen cloth. Although much of the wool remained in England, merchants were able to export a large quantity of the product. In fact, English wool became well known throughout Europe for its high quality. In the late Middle Ages more and more farms were dedicated to raising sheep. These peasants raised most of the food that was consumed by the nation. The lord could require a tax, called a tallage, whenever he needed money.Throughout the Middle Ages the majority of people living in England worked the land as peasant farmers. There was a yearly payment called "head money" with a certain amount per person. ![]() However, in return for their labor, they received their own small land to farm and place to live.Īlong with the labor the peasants had to perform, peasants and serfs also could owe the lord countless taxes. Unfree peasants, also called serfs, farmed the lords' fields and weren't allowed to leave the lords' manor. End of feudalism chart free#Free peasants rented land to farm and owed only their rent to the lord. There were two kinds of peasants: free and unfree. They also were not allowed to marry without the permission of their lords. Their labor freed lords and knights to spend their time preparing of war or fighting. Though they didn't have a relationship like vassals and lords, they were necessary in the entire feudal structure by helping work out the land. Since most people in the Middle Ages were peasants, peasants formed the majority of the feudal system. Except for fighting, ladies basically had the duties that the lords had. However, it wasn't uncommon for noblewomen to hold fiefs and inherit land. However, ladies had a strong role in the feudal relationship as well. Theoretically, only men were part of the feudal relationship between lord and vassals. These fiefs were like promises between vassal and lord which linked them together - if a vassal did not keep to his promises - then the vassal's land was taken away. Lords had an important job of leasing out the land they had received from their monarch, also called fiefs, to their vassals.
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